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Introduction

MQTT Store and Forward allows data to be buffered locally at a client when connections are down to the MQTT Server infrastructure and deliver that data when the connection is restored. This feature is critical in most applications because if we lose connection to the MQTT Server we will lose data if it is not buffered locally. When Store and Forward is enabled and the edge node detects a disconnect to the MQTT Server, tags will be stored locally in a history store. When the edge node can reconnect to the MQTT Server, it will publish any stored tags. The rate at which these stored tags are flushed from the history store is configurable to prevent any delays in the delivery of live data.

Determining the settings for the MQTT Transmission History Store requires understanding the unique system properties at each Edge Node. These include the number of tags at the Edge Node and Device levels, the frequency at which these tags are changing, the required period for data storage and the RAM or disk based storage available on the Edge hardwareThere are a number of factors involved in determining how much history data can be stored including but not limited to system resources such as CPU, RAM (especially when using 'In-Memory'), Disk IOPS (if using 'Disk-Backed'), the nominal tag change rate (e.g. number of tags changing per second in the system), the flush rate, bandwidth availability, whether flushing in order vs asynchronously, etc.

MQTT Transmission History Store requires the following parameters:

• Type
  • The type of History Store with options of In-Memory and Disk-Backed
  • Data stored in an In_-Memory History Store will not be persisted across a module configuration change, module disable/enable, module restart or power loss. 
  • Data stored in a Disk-Backed History Store will persist across a module configuration change, module disable/enable, module restart or power loss.
• Edge Node Tag CapacityHistory Max Age
  
  • Maximum number of Edge Node level tag change events  minutes to store per Edge Node before dropping oldest historical Edge Node tag change events. This value is independent of the 'Device Tag Capacity' and only applies to how many 'Edge Node level' tag change events are stored per Edge Node.
  • Default 100,000
  • A tag change event is triggered by either a change in value or quality and results in the tag's Qualified Value (which has three attributes of value, quality and timestamp) being stored. 
  Device Tag Capacity
  
  • Maximum number of Device tag change events to store per Device before dropping oldest historical Device tag change events. This value is independent of the 'Edge Node Tag Capacity' and only applies to how many 'Device level' tag change events are stored per Device.
  • Default 10,000
  • A tag change event is triggered by either a change in value or quality and results in the tag's Qualified Value (which has three attributes of value, quality and timestamp) being storedhistory before dropping the data.
• Flush Quantity
  
  • The maximum number of tags to publish in a single message upon reestablishing communication.
    
  • Default 10,000
• Flush Period
  • The period to wait in milliseconds between publishes when flushing messages upon reestablishing communication.
  • Default 200

How to determine these settings

Testing is the best way to determine your settings for your Edge Gateway(s) and the recommended approach is to:

• Configure a History Store with large Edge Node Tag Capacity and Device Tag Capacitya large storage time for your tags.
• Disconnect for a set time period
• Monitor the live updates for the count of tag change events and memory used from the Transmission Info History Store metrics.

• Reconnect and monitor the data flushing to ensure that the flush settings (quantity and period) are able to handle the current tag changes that continue to build.

  Note
  Whilst the history flush is in progress, all new change events are written to the history store until it has been completely flushed. If the tag change rate at the Edge is faster than the MQTT Transmission Flush Period this can cause a build up of data in history store(s) and prevent the publishing of live data.

  
  

• Extrapolate based on the test

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